• 奥本海默的博士论文和梵高的画

    2007-08-17

    版权声明:转载时请以超链接形式标明文章原始出处和作者信息及本声明
    http://miaowei.net/logs/16153464.html

     

     

    很早以前就听过一个故事,说二战的时候,美国空军轮番轰炸德国的主要城市,唯独留下海德堡不炸,因为早年间,他们都看过一部好莱坞的电影,讲的是一对大学生在海德堡恋爱的故事,这个电影给美国年轻人留下深刻的印象,等他们参军打战,轰炸德国,就对这座美丽的小城手下留情。我从来没考证过这故事的真假,但在去海德堡的火车上,我还是把这个烂故事讲给同伴听。其实,我心里想的是黑格尔,他曾经在海德堡大学任教。

    我们在海德堡只有几小时的逗留时间,在内卡河边吃了顿中饭,放弃了河对岸那条著名的“哲学家小道”,改去爬古堡,去寻找海德堡大学的学生禁闭处,走马观花的转了一圈,又坐火车回到卡塞尔。过了两天,我又一个人坐火车去了哥廷根。之所以去哥廷根,就是因为哥廷根大学,更确切的说,因为奥本海默。关于奥本海默的求学经历,完全可以出一本“哈佛男孩”式的畅销书,据说,这个犹太家庭“总使人觉得有点感伤,带有一种忧郁的情调”,但在这样的家庭里长大,奥本海默的中学毕业成绩非常优秀,他先进哈佛大学的化学系,然后去剑桥卡文迪许实验室读物理,然后去哥廷根大学深造,最终在这里拿到博士学位。

    在哥廷根下了火车,租了辆自行车,只5分钟就骑到了哥廷根大学,坐在学校的小广场上,我就开始冥想,他怎么能写出《分子的量子理论》呢?他这个论文到底是什么意思呢?后来爆炸的那两颗原子弹,最早就应该诞生在这所学校附近一个小房间里,诞生在神童奥本海默的稿纸上。这样想了半小时,抽了两支烟,就到老城里转悠,在一家炸鸡店里吃中饭,结果碰到一位中国同胞,他到这里陪女儿念书,女儿是学教育的。我不免暗暗可惜,到这里怎么也应该学学物理呀。

    如果时间足够,我兴许还会去耶拿看看耶拿大学。这不是考察德国的大学,还是为了追星,既然我没能在海德堡的“哲学家”小道上冥想黑格尔都思考了什么,那不如到耶拿看看。两百年前,确切的说,1806年秋天,拿破仑的军队打到了耶拿附近,学校里能看见法国侦察兵,法国兵在咖啡馆里聊天,谈论他们的新口号“自由平等博爱”,战争进行之际,一位年轻教员——黑格尔先生却完全沉浸在自己的工作中,他在写一本书,名叫《精神现象学》。一个美国作家在他的简明哲学导论里讲述了黑格尔的这段故事,他说,我们的生活被描述为“荒谬的”、“无意义的”,我们不时会被那些所谓的“消遣”和“娱乐”活动分神,整个国家失去的是思考的快乐、理解的挑战、灵感以及哲学的慰籍。

    大概就是害怕这样的庸常,我才努力,按照黑格尔所说的,要让自己的个人意识到达绝对知识,尽管我对这些名词的理解实在不得要领错误可笑,但我一定要在哥廷根大学操场上冥想一会儿奥本海默。不仅如此,我即将开始一次瑞士之旅,我打算去伯尔尼克拉姆大街49号看看,爱因斯坦自己说过,狭义相对论诞生在伯尔尼克拉姆大街49号。我要到那里去想想什么叫狭义相对论。

    哲学家、科学家都难以通过浮皮潦草的旅行来理解,但画家好一点。画家更直观。2004年9月,我在一对朋友的带领下来到巴黎郊外的奥维,车子停在村口,刚走了两步,就看见“奥维的教堂”,我头一天刚在奥塞博物馆里看见这幅画的原作,又看到这座真正的物理意义上的教堂,还有教堂前树立着那幅“奥维的教堂”,刹那间,这几重形象在我脑子里叠加到一起,不知道哪个更真实。

    梵高和他的弟弟就葬在村外的公墓里,墓碑之前是一丛绿色的植物。小村子周围有几十个“景点”,都是梵高写生的地方,与画作同一视角的地方都树立着他在这里画的画,你可以把眼前所见与画家笔下的景色相对照。百余年来,几乎没什么变化。梵高自杀的那间小客栈的房子至今还保持着原貌。他活了37岁,那间房子是他一生中住过的第38间房子,在他死之后就没人再居住过。墙壁上有“梵高之友”的一个告示,上面说,如果大家捐款给“梵高之友”协会,那我们就可以在这里挂上一张梵高的真迹。

    最先是一个美国人写的传记《渴望生活》让我先认识了这个贫穷潦倒、生活能力差、一事无成的画家,并想当然的把创造性的生活和世俗的幸福生活对立起来。但后来我会逐渐明白一个道理,这个道理还是爱因斯坦说得最为明白:“引导人们通向艺术和科学的最强烈动机之一是摆脱日常生活及其中令人痛苦的粗糙状态和无望的枯燥乏味,摆脱一个人自身总是在变化着的欲望的羁绊。就像画家、诗人或者哲学家一样,科学家努力要创造一个属于他自己的世界。他们中的每个人都使这个宇宙及它的结构成为他的感情生活的支点,这是为了以这种方法去寻找到他在狭窄的个人经历的漩涡中无法找到的宁静与安全。”

     


    历史上的今天:


    随机文章:

    美人关 2006-02-15
    莫扎特250 2006-01-14
    13.nbs 2004-06-25

    收藏到:Del.icio.us

    评论

  • 苗先生,偶是三联生活的热心读者,请问偶怎么给你的栏目投稿呢??<br />
  • 最后只能说,羡慕朱伟的情怀和胸怀,还有苗炜的文采。<br />但是对待不喜欢的人也可以做到隐忍,于我来说,是不可能的。<br />
  • 咳..闷骚型的男人...卡夫卡还说:&#34;奴隶总是束缚于自由的人&#34;....... <img src=http://js.pp.sohu.com/ppp/blog/images/emotion/8.gif border=0 alt=讽刺 title=讽刺 ec=[^_*] /> <br />
  • 最喜欢爱因斯坦的那段话。<br />
  • 一个文科生的冥想。哈哈<br />
  • 政治往往比我们想象的要复杂,因为相关因素太多,很难分辨到底哪些蝴蝶造成了效应;<br />历史往往比我们想象的要简单,因为偶然因素太多,全然超乎理性之上 <img src=http://js.pp.sohu.com/ppp/blog/images/emotion/6.gif border=0 alt=得意 title=得意 ec=[B_)] /> <br />
  • 4) Cafe Odeon - the Cafe which Lenin went regularly when he lived in Z&#252;rich. Sometime when I sit there drinking the coffee, I always think - if Lenin has stayed in Z&#252;rich instead of going back to Russia, the whole world history from 20th century would have been re-written. Unfortunately the history is never reversable...<br />5) Lindt chocolate (瑞士莲巧克力) - there is a direct sales shop at Lindt factory in Kirchberg, the variety is much bigger and the price is 20-30% cheaper than in the supermarket. It is worthwhile if you need to buy big amount. If you live in the city of Z&#252;rich, you may even ride the bike there - it is a beautiful riding along the lake. 此信息对您这个大编辑来说可能很俗, 俗就算我的吧, 谁让咱上海人会过日子呢? <img src=http://js.pp.sohu.com/ppp/blog/images/emotion/5.gif border=0 alt=调皮 title=调皮 ec=[:P] /> <br />Last but not least, 希望在你吃喝玩乐之后, 尽快可以写出你的欧洲游记. 作为三联的读者, 我们翘首以待. <img src=http://js.pp.sohu.com/ppp/blog/images/emotion/6.gif border=0 alt=得意 title=得意 ec=[B_)] /> <br />
  • After 10 years, I realize how naive I was at time. Now every time when I go back to Shanghai and found that my childhood memories are taken away piece by piece, I feel so jealous that the people in Z&#252;rich (or other cities in Europe) still could keep the traces of the life of their ancestors.<br />2) FIFA Headquater - it is located in Dolder, one of the most premier areas in Z&#252;rich. From there it also provides a good overview of the whole town, but from another angle. There is even a wine yard next to FIFA - if you like wine. <br />3) Boat trip - if you dont have enough time, a short drive from National Museum to Z&#252;richhorn along the limmat river and then into lake of Z&#252;rich is a good choice, approx. half an hour. If your schedule allows, then you may take the boat trip from Z&#252;rich B&#252;rkliplatz to Rapperswil, a small town about 30km from Z&#252;rich, which is on the other side of the lake. It needs about 2 hours one way.<br />
  • Z&#252;rich:<br />1) ETH - there is a Terrace (露天平台) where you could have a good overview of the whole Z&#252;rich city. When I visited CH the first time in 1996, my boss who has studied at ETH showed me the campus and at last we came to this Terrace. There is a photo which was taken exactly from that very place, but about 50 years ago. After comparing the photo with what I have seen myself from the Terrace, I told my boss &#34;but the city still looks the same after 50 years&#34;. He smiled to me and said &#34;this is the most lovely part of Z&#252;rich - it doesnt change&#34;. As a young student shortly graduating from the university, I was so proud of the big changes in my home country and replied &#34; but no change also means no progress and no development, you dont think so?&#34;. <br />
  • Its very kind of you to respond. As a overseas reader, this is the only way which I could show my respect to you and 三联周刊, other than continuing to read your magazine. :-) And above all, I didnt do anything at all.<br />Im pretty sure that your relative would arrange a very good programme for you here in Switzerland. Here are some hints from me, which are most probably not in the tourist guide but might interest you.<br />Bern:<br />The Rosengarten (玫瑰园) which is a public park with more than 200 different kinds of roses. It is also the best choice if you want to have a good overview of the whole old town area and river Aare. From there, there is a &#34;weg&#34; (小径) which leads to the old town. Everytime when I walked through it, I always couldnt help thinking - Bern must be the most peaceful capital in this world!<br />
  • 谢谢您留下的手机号码,不过我在苏黎世有亲人,特别亲的亲人,所以应该不会去打扰您。非常感谢。<br />
  • 奥本海默、哥廷根大学,传奇呀,不过,最喜欢的还是爱因斯坦那句话。<br />
  • 科学家,grissom.<br />
  • 我听到的版本是,因为美军的许多军官在海德堡念的大学,所以....<br />
  • As a reader, I do like your magazine and admire your courage. Unfortunately I live in Switzerland and could only read them when I go back to Shanghai, usually twice a year. Though I could read it online now, but it is a different feeling as when you could hold it in your hand and turn the pages. <br />If you need any help or info. in Switzerland, you may let me know. I would be glad if I could help. My handy number is 076 520 9386.<br />Sorry that I have written in English - just because it is much faster for me to type in English rather than in Chinese.<br />Enjoy the trip in Europe and look forward to reading your journals about your impression.<br />Citygirl in the Village<br />
  • Welcome to Switzerland! You should also visit Z&#252;rich, where Einstein has been studying and teaching at ETH, one of the top technical universities in the world. Lenin has lived in Z&#252;rich too before he returned to Russia in 1917 to begin the revolution. <br />I just had a very interesting talk with my swiss colleague this afternoon - he told me that he started to read &#34;Spiegel&#34; (明镜周刊) when he was only 13 years old and found it a very good magazine. But the present editor-in-chief is less courages to express different opinions as the previous one. I told him that my favorite chinese magazine is very similar to &#34;Spiegel&#34;, which always provides opinions from different prespectives - of course I have meant 三联周刊 by it. :-) But the editor is less lucky than those in Europe, he got punished for the articles concerning the culture revolution and Mao - you know whom I mean. <br />Citygirl in the Village<br />
  • 引导人们通向艺术和科学的最强烈动机之一是摆脱日常生活及其中令人痛苦的粗糙状态和无望的枯燥乏味,摆脱一个人自身总是在变化着的欲望的羁绊 <img src=http://js.pp.sohu.com/ppp/blog/images/emotion/41.gif border=0 alt=手势-棒 title=手势-棒 ec=[//strong] /> <img src=http://js.pp.sohu.com/ppp/blog/images/emotion/43.gif border=0 alt=握手 title=握手 ec=[//share] /> <img src=http://js.pp.sohu.com/ppp/blog/images/emotion/43.gif border=0 alt=握手 title=握手 ec=[//share] /> <br />
  • 万卷书被你读完了,我就只能很没文化的行万里路了。欧洲的人文精神和对文化的尊重及保护,我们,差的不是一星半点!<br />
  • 车不错哦....... <img src=http://js.pp.sohu.com/ppp/blog/images/emotion/3.gif border=0 alt=大笑 title=大笑 ec=[:D] /> <br />
  • 谈都是和我没有连接点的内容<br />不过我还是认真的读完了<br />能去亲眼看自己喜欢的物理意义上的真迹<br />而不是停留在图片或者电视载体上<br />是件很幸福的事情<br />